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Use participle clauses (clauses that start with a present participle or a past participle) start learning
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to vary your style or to include more information in a sentence.
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Use them as a shorter alternative to relative clauses. start learning
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Form the participle clause by omitting the relative pronoun and any auxiliary verbs.
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Clauses beginning with a past participle start learning
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The children caught in the rainstorm came home soaked. start learning
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The children who were caught...
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The film, directed by Miyakazi, won an award for animation. start learning
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which was directed by Miyakazi...
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Clauses beginning with a present participle start learning
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The team playing in red is Chile. start learning
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The team that is playing in red...
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Do you know the man standing in the corner? start learning
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The man who is standing...
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Clauses beginning with a present participle start learning
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replace continuous and simple verbs in different tenses.
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Give me a number beginning with three. start learning
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Give me a number which begins with three.
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Anyone cheating in the exam failed. start learning
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Anyone who cheated in the exam failed.
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The bus leaving tomorrow will stop at Lima. start learning
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The bus which is leaving/leaves tomorrow...
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A beret is a type of flat hat often (wear) on one side of the head. start learning
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A beret is a type of flat hat often worn on one side of the head.
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The large number of people (wait) outside meant the doctor would be working late that night. start learning
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The large number of people waiting outside meant the doctor would be working late that night.
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Items permanently (delete) from your inbox can usually be found again if you know where to look. start learning
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Items permanently deleted from your inbox can usually be found again if you know where to look.
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I knew two people (injure) in the fire. start learning
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I knew two people injured in the fire.
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Babies (bring up) in a bilingual household have more flexible brains. start learning
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Babies brought up in a bilingual household have more flexible brains.
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The dance (take) place tomorrow is to celebrate the end of the exams. start learning
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The dance taking place tomorrow is to celebrate the end of the exams.
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The taxi almost drove over a man. He was lying in the street. start learning
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The taxi almost drove over a man lying in the street.
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Sunflowers was painted by Van Gogh. It's one of the most popular paintings ever. start learning
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Sunflowers, painted by Van Gogh, is one of the most popular paintings ever.
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The army advanced towards the hill. It was led by Napoleon. start learning
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The army, led by Napoleon, advanced towards the hill.
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I don't know the people. They live next door to me. start learning
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I don't know the people living next door to me.
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I used to like block-busters. They involved lots of action. start learning
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I used to like block-busters involving lots of action.
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The apartments overlook Central Park. They are the most expensive. start learning
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The apartments overlooking Central Park are the most expensive.
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Some factories were forced to close during the recession. They still haven't reopened. start learning
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Some factories forced to close during the recession still haven't reopened.
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Many people think that the Taj Mahal is the most beautiful building in the world. It was built in the seventeenth century. start learning
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Many people think that the Taj Mahal, built in the seventeenth century, is the most beautiful building in the world.
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