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Question		Answer
Ieri sono andato al cinema. start learning		I went to the cinema yesterday. PS - FINISHED TIME WORD
Abbiamo trascorso molto tempo in Giappone nel 2007. start learning		We spent a lot of time in Japan in 2007. PS – FINISHED TIME WORD
Leonardo dipinse la Gioconda. start learning		Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa. PS – FINISHED TIME PERIOD
I Vichinghi invasero la Gran Bretagna. start learning		The Vikings invaded Britain. PS – FINISHED TIME PERIOD
Mi sono fatto male alla gamba. Sono caduto da una scala mentre stavo dipingendo la mia camera da letto. start learning		I've hurt my leg. I fell off a ladder when I was painting my bedroom. PS – DETAILS OF NEWS
Sono stato in vacanza. Sono andato in Spagna e Portogallo. start learning		I've been on holiday. I went to Spain and Portugal. PS – DETAILS OF NEWS
È andato in un bar. Si sedette e ordinò un caffè. start learning		He went to a café. He sat down and ordered a coffee. PS – ACTIONS IN STORIES
Se vincessi alla lotteria comprerei una casa. start learning		If I won the lottery, I would buy a house. PS – UNREAL/IMAGINARY THINGS
Vorrei avere più tempo! start learning		I wish I had more time! PS – UNREAL/IMAGINARY THINGS
Stavo camminando verso la stazione quando ho incontrato John. (Ho iniziato a camminare prima di incontrare John, e forse ho continuato dopo.) start learning		I was walking to the station when I met John. (I started walking before I met John, and maybe I continued afterwards.) PC - OVERLAPPING ACTION
Alle tre stavo lavorando. (Ho iniziato prima delle tre e finito dopo le tre.) start learning		At three o'clock, I was working. (I started before three o'clock and finished after three o'clock.) PC – OVERLAPPING ACTION
Gli uccelli cantavano, il sole splendeva e nei caffè la gente rideva e chiacchierava. Amy si sedette e tirò fuori il cellulare. start learning		The birds were singing, the sun was shining and in the cafés people were laughing and chatting. Amy sat down and took out her phone. PC – STORY BACKGROUND
Lasciava sempre il rubinetto aperto. start learning		He was always leaving the tap running. PC – SOME PAST HABITS
Cantava costantemente. start learning		She was constantly singing. PC – SOME PAST HABITS
Ho lavorato in giardino tutto il giorno. start learning		I was working in the garden all day. PC – EMPHASIS OF LENGTH OF ACTION
Stava leggendo tutta la sera. start learning		He was reading all evening. PC – EMPHASIS OF LENGTH OF ACTION
Quando siamo arrivati il film era cominciato (= prima cominciava il film, poi siamo arrivati noi). start learning		When we arrived, the film had started (= first the film started, then we arrived). PP - ACTION FINISHED BEFORE ANOTHER PAST ACTION
Avevo cenato quindi non avevo fame. start learning		I'd eaten dinner so I wasn't hungry. PP – ACTION FINISHED BEFORE ANOTHER PAST ACTION
Aveva nevicato durante la notte, quindi l'autobus non è arrivato. start learning		It had snowed in the night, so the bus didn't arrive. PP – ACTION FINISHED BEFORE ANOTHER PAST ACTION
Quando si laureò, era a Londra da sei anni. (= Arrivò a Londra sei anni prima di laurearsi e visse lì fino alla laurea, o anche di più.) start learning		When he graduated, he had been in London for six years. (= He arrived in London six years before he graduated and lived there until he graduated, or even longer.) PP – HOW LONG TO A POINT IN THE PAST
Il 20 luglio (passato), lavoravo qui da tre mesi. start learning		On the 20th of July, I'd worked here for three months. PP – HOW LONG TO A POINT IN THE PAST
Se avessi saputo che eri malato, sarei venuto a trovarti. start learning		If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you. PP – UNREAL THINGS IN THE PAST
Avrebbe superato l'esame se avesse studiato di più. start learning		She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder. PP – UNREAL THINGS IN THE PAST
Vorrei non essere andata a letto così tardi! start learning		I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late! PP – UNREAL THINGS IN THE PAST
Conosco Julie da dieci anni (ma poi si è allontanata e abbiamo perso i contatti). start learning		I knew Julie for ten years (but then she moved away and we lost touch). PS – FINISHED ACTIONS
Conosco Julie da dieci anni (e la conosco ancora). start learning		I've known Julie for ten years (and I still know her). Pr. S - UNFINISHED ACTIONS
La mia bisnonna è andata in Messico tre volte. start learning		My great-grandmother went to Mexico three times. PS – FINISHED ACTION (DEAD)
Mio fratello è stato in Messico tre volte. start learning		My brother has been to Mexico three times. Pr. S – FINISHED ACTION (ALIVE)
Ieri ho perso le chiavi. È stato terribile! (Ora non ci sono risultati. Ho ricevuto nuove chiavi ieri). start learning		I lost my keys yesterday. It was terrible! (Now there is no result. I got new keys yesterday). PS – FINISHED ACTION – NO RESULT
Ho perso le chiavi! (Il risultato è che ora non posso entrare in casa mia). start learning		I've lost my keys! (The result is that I can't get into my house now). Pr. S – FINISHED ACTION – RESULT
Ho visto John la settimana scorsa. start learning		I saw John last week. PS – FINISHED TIME WORD
Ho visto John questa settimana. start learning		I've seen John this week. Pr. S – UNFINISHED TIME WORD
Cosa stavi facendo quando ti ho chiamato ieri sera? start learning		What were you doing when I called you last night? PC\|+PS
Ero seduto in un bar quando hai chiamato. start learning		I was sitting in a café when you called. PC\|+PS
Quando sei arrivato alla festa, chi c'era? start learning		When you arrived at the party, who was there? PS+PS
Susie stava guardando un film quando ha sentito il rumore. start learning		Susie was watching a film when she heard the noise. PC\|+PS
Stavamo giocando a tennis quando John si è fatto male alla caviglia. start learning		We were playing tennis when John hurt his ankle. PC\|+PS
Si è rotta una gamba il giorno prima dell'esame. start learning		She broke her leg the day before her exam. PS
Si era rotta una gamba una settimana prima di superare l'esame. start learning		She had broken her leg a week before she passed her her exam. PP+PS
Cosa stavano facendo ieri sera alle 22? Era davvero rumoroso. start learning		What were they doing at 10pm last night? It was really noisy. PC\|+PS
Stava facendo la doccia quando squillò il telefono. start learning		He was taking a shower when the telephone rang. PC\|+PS
Era sotto la doccia quando squillò il telefono. start learning		He was in the shower when the telephone rang. PS+PS
Quando entrai nella stanza, tutti stavano lavorando. start learning		When I walked into the room, everyone was working. PS+PC
Era un giorno dello scorso settembre. Il sole splendeva, gli uccelli cantavano. Stavo camminando per strada quando ho incontrato un vecchio amico. start learning		It was a day last September. The sun was shining, the birds were singing. I was walking along the street when I met an old friend. PS+PC+PC+PC+PS
Viveva in Russia quando iniziò la Rivoluzione. start learning		He was living in Russia when the Revolution started. PC\|+PS
Quando il suo treno arrivò alla stazione, stavamo aspettando sul binario. start learning		When her train got to the station, we were waiting on the platform. PS+PC
Era così fastidioso! Lasciava sempre le sue cose ovunque. start learning		He was so annoying! He was always leaving his things everywhere. PS+PC
In vacanza abbiamo visitato Roma, abbiamo visto il Vaticano e abbiamo trascorso alcuni giorni in spiaggia. start learning		On holiday we visited Rome, saw the Vatican, and spent a few days at the beach. PS+PS+PS
Perché eri in piedi su una sedia quando sono entrato nella stanza? start learning		Why were you standing on a chair when I came into the room? PC\|+PS
Vivevano in Germania quando erano giovani. start learning		They lived in Germany when they were young. PS+PS
Ieri alle 19 stavamo ascoltando musica. start learning		At 7pm yesterday, we were listening to music. PC\|+PS
Quando sono uscito di casa, nevicava. start learning		When I left the house, it was snowing. PS+PC
Lavorava in una banca quando ha incontrato sua moglie. start learning		He was working in a bank when he met his wife. PC+PS
Avevamo già mangiato quando John è tornato a casa. start learning		We had already eaten when John came home. PP+PS
L'anno scorso John ha superato tutti gli esami. start learning		Last year John passed all his exams. PS
Quando sono arrivato all'aeroporto, ho scoperto di aver dimenticato il passaporto. start learning		When I got to the airport, I discovered I had forgotten my passport. PS+PS+PP
Sono andato in biblioteca, poi ho comprato del latte e sono tornato a casa. start learning		I went to the library, then I bought some milk and went home. PS+PS+PS
Ho aperto la borsa e ho scoperto che avevo dimenticato la carta di credito. start learning		I opened my handbag to find that I had forgotten my credit card. PS+PP
Quando siamo arrivati alla stazione, il treno era già partito. start learning		When we arrived at the station, the train had already left. PS+PP
Siamo tornati a casa e abbiamo scoperto che qualcuno era entrato in casa. start learning		We got home to find that someone had broken into the house. PS+PP
Ho aperto il frigorifero e ho scoperto che qualcuno aveva mangiato tutta la mia cioccolata. start learning		I opened the fridge to find someone had eaten all my chocolate. PS+PP
Conoscevo mio marito da tre anni quando ci siamo sposati. start learning		I had known my husband for three years when we got married. PP+PS
Julie fu molto contenta di vedere che John aveva pulito la cucina. start learning		Julie was very pleased to see that John had cleaned the kitchen. PS+PP
Non aveva piovuto per tutta l'estate, quindi l'erba era completamente morta. start learning		It hadn't rained all summer, so the grass was completely dead. PP+PS
Quando arrivò alla festa, Julie era appena andata via. start learning		When he arrived at the party, Julie had just left. PS+PP
Dopo essere arrivato a casa, mi sono reso conto di non aver comprato il latte. start learning		After arriving home, I realised I hadn't bought any milk. PS+PP
La biancheria era bagnata. Aveva piovuto mentre ero fuori. start learning		The laundry was wet. It had rained while I was out. PS+PP
Guglielmo si è sentito male ieri sera perché aveva mangiato troppe torte. start learning		William felt ill last night because he had eaten too many cakes. PS+PP
Peter ha incontrato William lo scorso settembre. start learning		Peter met William last September. PS
Per prima cosa ho pulito la casa, poi mi sono seduto e ho preso una tazza di caffè. start learning		First, I cleaned my house, then I sat down and had a cup of coffee. PS+PS+PS
John suonava il pianoforte da bambino, ma adesso non suona più. start learning		John played the piano when he was a child, but he doesn't play now. PS+PS+Pr.S
Quando ho aperto le tende, il sole splendeva ma la terra era bianca. Durante la notte aveva nevicato. start learning		When I opened the curtains, the sun was shining but the ground was white. It had snowed during the night. PS+PC+PS+PP
Quando Julie tornò a casa dalle vacanze, il suo appartamento era in disordine. John aveva festeggiato. start learning		When Julie got home from her holiday, her flat was a mess. John had had a party. PS+PS+PP
Ho visitato Parigi tre volte. start learning		I've visited Paris three times. Pr.P
L'anno scorso ho visitato Parigi. start learning		Last year I visited Paris. PS
Ho conosciuto la mia bisnonna per alcuni anni: è morta quando avevo otto anni. start learning		I knew my great grandmother for a few years – she died when I was eight. PS+PS
Gioco a hockey da quando ero bambino: sono piuttosto bravo! start learning		I've played hockey since I was a child – I'm pretty good! Pr. P+Pr.S
Giocava a hockey a scuola, ma non le piaceva. start learning		She played hockey at school, but she didn't like it. PS+PS
Ho perso l'autobus, quindi farò tardi. start learning		I've missed the bus, so I'm going to be late. Pr.P
Ho perso l'autobus e poi ho perso anche l'aereo! start learning		I missed the bus, and then I missed the aeroplane as well! PS+PS
Il mese scorso sono andato in Scozia. start learning		Last month I went to Scotland. PS
Mi dispiace, John non è qui adesso. E' andato a fare la spesa. start learning		I'm sorry, John isn't here now. He's gone to the shops. Pr. S+Pr.P
Abbiamo finito di dipingere questa stanza la settimana scorsa. start learning		We finished painting this room last week. PS
Finalmente ho finito gli esami: sono così felice! start learning		I've finished my exams finally – I'm so happy! Pr. P+Pr.S
Ieri ho visto tutti i miei amici. È stato fantastico! start learning		Yesterday, I saw all my friends. It was great! PS+PS
Vive a Londra dal 1994. start learning		She's lived in London since 1994. Pr.P
Ha vissuto a Londra quando era bambina. start learning		She lived in London when she was a child. PS
Stamattina ho bevuto tre tazze di caffè. start learning		I've drunk three cups of coffee this morning. Pr.P
Ieri ho bevuto sette tazze di caffè. start learning		I drank seven cups of coffee yesterday. PS
Non ho preso il caffè oggi, ho molto sonno! start learning		I haven't had any coffee today – I feel very sleepy! Pr.P
Ieri non ho bevuto caffè. start learning		I didn't drink any coffee yesterday. PS
È sposato da trentacinque anni (ed è sposato ancora adesso). start learning		He's been married for thirty-five years (and he's still married now). Pr.P
È stato sposato per dieci anni (ma ha divorziato). start learning		He was married for ten years (but he got divorced). PS
È arrivata a Londra nel 1997. start learning		She came to London in 1997. PS
Se non lavoriamo di più, non supereremo l'esame. start learning		If we don't work harder, we won't pass the exam. II (Pr. S+will)
Se fossi in te, troverei un nuovo lavoro. start learning		If I were you, I would get a new job. II (P. S+would)
Se fosse più giovane viaggerebbe di più. start learning		If he were younger, he would travel more. II (P. S+would)
Se avessi abbastanza soldi, comprerei una grande casa. start learning		If I had enough money, I would buy a big house. II (P. S+would)
Se non fossi arrivato in ritardo, non avremmo perso l'autobus. start learning		If you hadn't been late, we wouldn't have missed the bus. III (P. P+would have)
Avrebbe superato l'esame se avesse studiato di più. start learning		She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder. III (P. P+would have)

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