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wywracający do góry nogami przewracać do góry nogami start learning
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The book argues that rapidly evolving technology will upend the power structure of society. upend - to push or move something so that the part that usually touches the ground is not touching the ground any more: She upended the chessboard halfway through the game because she was losing.
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start learning
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very old: an age-old story of love and betrayal
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start learning
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f. in a way that is wrong or false: The package was erroneously delivered to my neighbour. Some gardeners erroneously believe they need a lot of room to grow vegetables.
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start learning
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not effective or good: a feeble joke/excuse weak and without energy, strength, or power: He was a feeble, helpless old man. The little lamp gave only a feeble light. Opposition to the plan was rather feeble.
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przenikać, wypełniać, przesiąkać rozprzestrzeniać się start learning
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to spread through something and be present in every part of it: Dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated every section of society. A foul smell of stale beer permeated the whole building. The table ha
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ponoć, rzekomo, niby, podobno przypuszczalnie, hipotetycznie start learning
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used to show that you do not believe that something you have been told is true: Well, the tickets are supposedly in the mail.
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start learning
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be thought of in terms of
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in a way that is based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory: She proved empirically that the treatment works. New theories can be empirically tested.
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coś zostało odkryte, ustalone lub odnalezione już dawno temu start learning
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The theory has long been found to be accurate...” (Teorię tę już dawno uznano za prawdziwą...
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i. related The risk of a stroke is inversely related to eating nuts. move/vary inversely to sth Bond yields move inversely to market price. in the opposite way to sth, or in such a way that one amount gets bigger as another gets smaller: i. proportional Sometimes it seems that press coverage of an event is inversely proportional to its true importance.
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związek przyczynowy, przyczynowość start learning
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the process of causing something to happen or exist
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start learning
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one of ten equal parts of something: He receives a tenth of the profits.
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obeznany z czymś nastroić, nastrajać, dostroić, dostrajać (np. do czegoś) dostrajać się, dopasowywać się (np. do nastroju, do towarzystwa start learning
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attuned to: especially able to understand or deal with: People in New York seem attuned to fashion. to make so able to understand or recognize sth: attune to My ears are beginning to attune to the subtle differences in intonation. attune someone to something His previous experience attuned him to the limitations and possibilities of government service.
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zapał, żarliwość intensywność wyostrzenie przenikliwość start learning
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an ability to understand things quickly: his keenness of mind an ability to see, notice, or hear things very well: She has a keenness of ear and eye. the quality of being very interested and eager, or wanting something very much: John approved of my keenness to work.
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opiekowanie się, wychowywanie pielęgnowanie, wychowywanie wychowywać, pielęgnować pielęgnować, żywić, czuwać nad czymś start learning
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to help a plan or a person to develop and be successful: n talent As a record company executive, his job is to nurture young talent. to have a particular emotion, plan, or idea for a long time: Winifred nurtured ambitions for her daughter to be a surgeon. to take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children or plants, and help him, her, or it to develop: She wants to stay at home and nurture her children. a carefully nurtured garden
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pozbawiony władzy, niewładny start learning
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having no control over your life and no power to change things: Disaster and terrorism make us feel vulnerable and disempowered. Today they are a disempowered minority.
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działać na coś, uwzględniać działać zgodnie z czymś, działać według czegoś, działać w oparciu o coś, zastosować się do czegoś (np. do rady), uwzględnić coś podejmować się czegoś, działać (np. w jakieś sprawie), podejmować działania działać na coś, oddziaływać na coś start learning
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to do something because you have been advised or told to do it: There have been concerns as to why the Board didn't act on a recommended pay raise. act on findings/information/advice The board of directors will act on the findings in the report. to do something as a reaction to a particular thing such as an instruction, a feeling, or some information: There is no point soliciting feedback if you never act on it. act on impulse Acting on impulse can get you into a lot of trouble.
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zniekształcać, zdeformować, odkształcać (np. metal) zniekształcać, wypaczyć, przeinaczyć, zakłamywać, przekłamywać (np. wypowiedź, fakty) zniekształcać (np. dźwięk, sygnał) fałszować, sfałszować (np. dane liczbowe, wyniki sprzedaży) start learning
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to change sth so that it is false or wrong, or no longer means what it was intended to mean: She accused her opponent of distorting the truth. The survey methods can distort reality. to change the shape of sth so that it looks to change something from its original, natural, or intended meaning, condition, or shape, especially in a negative way: The map distorted Greenland to appear four times its actual size. a distorting mirror
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start learning
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https://dictionary. cambridge. org/dictionary/english/inhibit
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to start or develop as the result of something: Her problems stem from her difficult childhood. Their disagreement stemmed from a misunderstanding to start or develop as the result of something: Her problems stem from her difficult childhood. Their disagreement stemmed from a misunderstanding
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ciągliwy, giętki, kowalny, podatny termin techniczny uległy, ulegający wpływom start learning
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easily influenced, trained, or controlled: He had an actor's typically malleable features. Europe saw its colonies as a source of raw material and a malleable workforce. A malleable substance is easily changed into a new shape: Lead and tin are malleable metals.
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slew rzecz (ale takze czas przeszły od slay) (of a vehicle) to turn or be turned round suddenly and awkwardly: The car hit a patch of ice and slewed around violently. He slewed the van to the left to avoid the dog. a large amount or number: The product inspired a whole slew of copycats. The bad weather could bring a slew of bankruptcies among farmers.
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oceniać (np. prace uczniów), nakładać podatek oceniać, poddawać ocenie, wyceniać, oszacowywać, określać (np. wartość czegoś) start learning
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to judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of sth: to assess the flood damage. They assessed the cost of the flood damage at £2,500. Exams are not the only means of assessing a student's ability. to assess the long-term consequences.
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szturchaniec, kuksaniec, trącić, trącać, potrącić, potrącać, szturchnąć, szturchać, otrzeć, ocierać, dawać kuksańca, pokierować, popchnąć, popychać, zachęta start learning
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to encourage or persuade someone to do something in a way that is gentle rather than forceful or direct: He cleverly nudges us towards the conclusion he himself has reached. Do you find your parents nudging you in the direction of further study? to push sth or so gently, especially to push so with your elbow to attract the person's attention: He nudged the cat off the sofa. to move slowly and almost reach a higher point or level: Oil prices continue to nudge higher. Peter must be nudging 40 now.
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opierać się na czymś, wykorzystywać coś (np. wiedzę) start learning
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to start using a supply of something: Americans are spending more than they earn, drawing on savings and building up debt to do so. He has secured a loan for a new building by drawing upon the resources of two existing tenants.
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ostateczny wynik finansowy sedno sprawy, ogólny rozrachunek, rezultat saldo, wynik finansowy (to, co zostaje na czysto) start learning
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the most important fact in a situation, activity, or discussion: The bottom line is that we need another ten thousand dollars to complete the project. the final line in the accounts of a company or organization, which states its total profit or loss:
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pilny, straszliwy, ekstremalny okropny, przerażający, potworny złowieszczy, złowrogi (np. o przepowiedni) start learning
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very serious or extreme: in dire need of These people are in dire need of help. dire warning He gave a dire warning that an earthquake was imminent. dire consequences This decision will have dire consequences for local people.
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pozornie, na pozór na zewnątrz (widziane z zewnątrz) start learning
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in a way that relates to how people, situations, or things seem to be, rather than how they are inside: Outwardly, he seemed happy enough. The men led outwardly normal lives as fathers and husbands.
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być większością, być główną częścią wielki rozmiar, wielka bryła, cielsko, ogrom (o opakowaniu, o maszynerii, o budynku) cielsko, zwalista figura (o dużym ciele) większość czegoś, gros czegoś hurt, luz (o produktach), masowy start learning
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the bulk of sth the main or largest part of something: Advertising provides the bulk of the company’s revenue. The bulk of our employees are recruited from overseas. something or someone that is very large: She eased her large bulk out of the chair. large size or mass: It was a document of surprising bulk.
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obramowywać ponownie ponownie oprawiać (w ramy) przeformułować (np. słowa, koncept) start learning
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to change the way something is expressed or considered: She is trying to reframe the debate about the care of vulnerable children. to put a picture in a new or different frame: I reframed the photograph and hung it in our bedroom.
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przenikać, szerzyć się, owładnąć start learning
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to spread through all parts of something: The influence of the early jazz musicians pervades American music. When qualities, characteristics, or smells pervade a place or thing, they spread through it and are present in every part of it: The film movie is a reflection of the violence that pervades our culture.
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zignorować coś, zlekceważyć coś (np. problem, krytykę) start learning
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(NOT KEEP) to get rid of something unpleasant that you do not want: I hope I can shrug off this cold before I go on holiday. The city is trying to shrug off its industrial image and promote itself as a tourist centre. to treat something as if it is not important or not a problem: You're a father and you can't simply shrug off your responsibility for your children. He shrugged aside suggestions that Liverpool could regenerate itself to become a "new Barcelona".
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reperkusja, następstwo, oddźwięk start learning
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the effect that an action, event, or decision has on something, especially a bad effect: have repercussions for sb/sth This case is likely to have repercussions for employees. The imbalance between supply and demand risks serious repercussions for the world economy.
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z grubsza, w ogólnych zarysach z grubsza, w ogólnych zarysach szeroko (uśmiechać się) rozłożyście, szeroko (dotycząc wielu rzeczy lub przedmiotów) start learning
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If someone smiles broadly, they have a big smile: He jumped up, grinning broadly. in a general way, without considering specific examples or all the details: b. speaking Broadly speaking, don't you think women make better drivers than men? b. similar Many of the findings in this study are broadly similar to those of Johnes (1990).
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zastój, martwy punkt, zatrzymanie, zawieszenie b to s: zostały wstrzymane, doprowadziło do zamarcia, c to s: zatrzymać się np o pojeździe start learning
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be at a standstill Labour negotiations are almost at a standstill. bring sth to a standstill The business was brought to a standstill by the postal workers' dispute. come to a standstill a condition in which all movement or activity has stopped: The runaway bus eventually came to a standstill when it rolled into a muddy field. Fighting and shortages have brought normal life to a virtual standstill in the city.
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dobroczynny (np. organizacja, instytucja) dobrotliwy, łaskawy, życzliwy (o osobie, o uśmiechu) start learning
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kind and helpful: He was a benevolent old man and wouldn't hurt a fly. giving money or help to people or organizations that need it: a benevolent organization
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start learning
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to mention someone or something without talking about him, her, or it directly: She mentioned some trouble that she'd had at home and I guessed she was alluding to her son.
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changed; different: She said her life was drastically altered. I've given a slightly altered baking time in this recipe. Everything seemed altered when I returned.
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już nieistniejący, już wygasły, już niefunkcjonujący start learning
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no longer existing: Her first photographs were published in the now defunct "Shutter" magazine. They were members of a now defunct communist organization.
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fixed into the surface of sth. embedded in The thorn was embedded in her thumb. If an emotion, opinion, etc. is embedded in so or sth, it is a very strong or important part of him, her, or it: A sense of guilt was deeply EMBEDDED IN my conscience.
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wynikający / będący skutkiem ważki, ważny wyniosły (określenie pejoratywne) start learning
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important, and having a strong influence on events, decisions, etc.: Nothing very consequential will happen in the next few days. He was responsible for one of the most consequential economic decisions of the past century. (RESULTING) happening as a result of something: We need to act now to avoid a recession and the consequential damage that would follow. Analysts noted that the closure of the factory would produce a consequential reliance on imported goods.
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dający się zaobserwować, zauważalny, obserwowalny start learning
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able to be noticed: There’s no observable connection between the two events. that can be noticed or seen: There's no observable connection between the two events. Large new buildings often have readily observable impacts on wildlife habitats.
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zużycie eskploatacyjne, normalne zużycie w trakcie eksploatacji start learning
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the damage that happens to an object in ordinary use during a period: Seat covers on buses take a lot of wear and tear.
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zgubny (np. wpływ), szkodliwy (o oddziaływaniu) start learning
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f. harmful: deleterious effect These drugs have a proven deleterious effect on the nervous system.
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odmienność, różnica, dysproporcja, dysparytet start learning
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a situation in which two or more things are not equal or similar, especially when this is thought to be unfair economic/income/pay d. Manhattan had the greatest income d. between rich and poor residents outside Puerto Rico growing/huge/increasing d. One of her priorities will be to eliminate pay disparity between men and women for equal work. The state has been criticized nationally for large disparities in spending among school districts. disparity between the growing disparity between rich and poor
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sprzyjać, pielęgnować, rozwijać, wspierać (np. rozwój, współpracę) start learning
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to encourage the development or growth of sth: f. innovation The idea is to F COOPERATION between small businesses in the local area Early intervention programs can F an infant’s DEVELOPMENT from birth Per... arts in schools have the power to F CREATIVITY We are taking steps to F better UNDERSTANDING between our different religions foster sth in so: I'm trying to f an interest in classical music in my children They were discussing the best way to f democracy and prosperity in the former communist countries
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surowy, nieugięty, sztywny, twardy, niezmienny, niepodatny start learning
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not permitting any change: rigid rules of behavior I keep to a rigid schedule. stiff or fixed; not able to be bent or moved: a rigid steel and concrete structure I was rigid with fear. not able to be changed or persuaded: disapproving: We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid interpretation of the rules.
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start learning
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(UNFRIENDLINESS) an occasion when someone is unfriendly or shows that they do not like something: open hostility They showed open (= obvious) hostility to/towards/toward their new neighbours.
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nazwać, nazywać, przezywać (coś lub kogoś w żartobliwy sposób), nadać przydomek, ochrzcić mianem start learning
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to give a man the rank of knight, an honour given by a British king or queen, in a special ceremony that involves touching his shoulders with a sword: King John knighted him and dubbed him Sir Richard Plantagenet. to give something or someone a particular name, especially describing what you think of it, him, or her: She was dubbed by the newspapers "the Angel of Death".
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społeczny (o normach, nastrojach) start learning
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relating to or involving society: societal change/concerns/problems/values Rapid societal changes have complicated parents' task.
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z drugiej strony” lub „odwrotnie w sensie kontrastu” start learning
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from a different and opposite way of looking at this: He was regarded either as too imitative to be considered original or, conversely, as being overly original. in an opposite way: Poor health is accepted as an attribute of normal ageing. Conversely, youth is depicted as a time of vitality and good health. The staff of any organisation are its best ambassadors or conversely may be its worst.
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the fact of being present and noticeable in every part of a thing or place A series of studies demonstrated the pervasiveness of mass violence Lawyers said that the pervasiveness of the Internet made it difficult to insulate jurors from reports on a case
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głęboko zakorzeniony zawarowany, zagwarantowany (np. prawo, władza) umocniony start learning
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established firmly so that it cannot be changed: An entrenched bureaucracy stalled Gorbachev’s efforts to modernize Soviet society. Entrenched ideas are so fixed or have existed for so long that they cannot be changed It's very difficult to change attitudes that have become so deeply entrenched over the years The organization was often criticized for being too entrenched in its views
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(punkt zainteresowania lub dominanta kompozycyjna) to najważniejszy wizualnie element dzieła sztuki, który jako pierwszy przyciąga wzrok odbiorcy i nadaje całej kompozycji kierunek. Może nim być twarz, postać, jaskrawy kolor źródło światła lub ostry detal start learning
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A focal point is the feature of a work of art that is the most interesting or important or the most strongly emphasized. the thing that everyone looks at or is interested in: The fireplace is usually the focal point of the living room.
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potępiać, zniesławiać, oczerniać (kogoś) start learning
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to publicly criticize something as being undesirable or harmful: Mitchell decried the high rate of unemployment in the state. to criticize something as bad, without value, or unnecessary: Lawyers decried the imprisonment of several journalists.
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przegląd, naprawa, remont kapitalny przeprowadzać przegląd, dokonać remontu kapitalnego, naprawić, naprawiać wyprzedzić, wyprzedzać, dogonić, doganiać (np. rywala, samochód) przegląd, naprawa, remont kapitalny restrukturyzacja badanie (np. przez lekarza) start learning
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to completely change something, especially by getting rid of some people or things and replacing them with others: Most women don't overhaul their wardrobes from season to season. to repair an engine, machine, etc. so that every part of it works as it should: I got the engine overhauled. to completely change a system so that it works more effectively: The government has recently overhauled the healthcare system.
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przyrostowy, narastający, stopniowy start learning
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small: Changes at the newspaper are more incremental than radical. happening gradually, in a series of small amounts: We plan to make incremental improvements to our existing products. The system requires fundamental reform rather than incremental change.
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start learning
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to begin by doing something, or to make something begin by doing something: She started off the meeting with the monthly sales report. I'd like to start off by thanking you all for coming today.
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start learning
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In psychology and mental health, mental domains refer to the primary areas used to study, measure, or organize human thought, behavior, and well-being.
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a structure of metal poles and wooden boards put against a building for workers to stand on when they want to reach the higher parts of the building: Scaffolding has been erected around the tower and repair work will start next week.
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zdrowy, silny, krzepki, rosły (o człowieku) solidny (o urządzeniu) zdecydowany intensywny, mocny, bogaty (o smaku) wytrzymały, silny (system, organizacja) start learning
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(of a person, animal, or plant) strong and healthy, or (of food or drink) full of flavor: She was in robust health. The house blend of coffee is particularly robust. (of a person or animal) strong and healthy: He looks robust and healthy enough. (of an object or system) strong and unlikely to break or fail: a robust pair of walking boots robust economy robust system
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zgodnie z czymś, w parze z czymś odpowiadać czemuś, być zgodnym z czymś start learning
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according to or following something such as a rule or principle: A workforce diversity committee will set specific objectives in line with the policy. We need to know whether the candidate has beliefs in line with our values. similar to, or at the same level as something: The company's results are in line with stock market expectations. We're seeking a pay rise that's in line with inflation. We try to keep our prices in line with our competitors.
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stuletni starzec, stulatek start learning
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someone who is a 100 years old or more
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start learning
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Use pervade when an invisible quality, feeling, theme, or smell is present everywhere throughout a group, place, or system. (Note: In casual speech, they can often overlap as synonyms, especially with smells or atmospheres). Use permeate when something physically soaks, filters, or moves through a substance or physical boundary.
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