6.02.2025

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Question Answer
Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, Physical Evidence
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7P
Customer Needs, Cost to Satisfy, Convenience, Communication
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4C
Cost factors, Market factors, Technology factors, Global business cycle
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Forces driving globalization
1. Recovery, growth, recession, depression
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Global business cycle
Organization by function, by product, by customer type, by geographical area
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Company structure
Adjouring
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The job is finished and there is a public recognation
Enrichment
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Wzbogacenie
Outcome
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Wynik
Enlargement
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Rozszerzenie
Four is three too many
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Cztery to o trzy za dużo
Four make a team
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Czterech tworzy drużynę
Commitment
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Zaangażowanie
Enabling
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Providing someone with the tools and skills to do something.
Empowerment
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Giving people more control over their work
Sense of achievement
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Sens osiągnięcia
Self-fulfillment
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Samorealizacja
Acknowledgment
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Public recognition and thanks from others after being successful.
Self-esteem
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When we have the recognition and respect of others, it adds greatly to our feeling of being valued and important.
Snazzy
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Stylish, attractive, and modern in appearance (odlotowy)
Beleaguered
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Oblężony, In a difficult situation; surrounded by problems or under constant pressure.
To Overhaul
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Do remontu, To completely examine and make necessary changes or repairs to improve something
Dull Stock Market
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Nudny rynek akcji, A stock market that is inactive, with little trading or excitement, and minimal price changes
Doom
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Los, A sense of unavoidable destruction, failure, or disaster
To Be Exempt From
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Być zwolnionym z, To be free from an obligation, rule, or requirement that others must follow
product line
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group of related products
Product Range
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the total collection of all product lines
feasibility
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wykonalność
vulnerability
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słaby punkt
complexity
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złożoność
commonality
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using the same components
standarization
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standaryzacja, restricted variety
modularization
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using sub-componetns that can bez put together in diffrent combinaions
time-to-market
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time taken from concept to the launch
roll-out
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wprowadzenie etapowe, phased introduction
phased introduction
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wprowadzenie etapowe
Lead-time
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Czas realizacji zamówienia, The time spent between the customer placing an order and receiving delivery.
Concept brief
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Krótki opis koncepcji, An initial idea for a new product that describes its form, function, purpose, and benefits
Feasibility
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Wykonalność, The chance of something happening or being successful.
Vulnerability
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Słaby punkt, The chance of damage or harm to something.
First-tier
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Pierwszy poziom, an organization’s immediate suppliers.
Procurement
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Dostarczanie, Equals ‘sourcing’ (finding suppliers) + ‘purchasing’ (buying)
Vendor
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Sprzedawca, A close synonym of ‘supplier’, more common in American usage.
Core competencies
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Kompetencje kluczowe, The key areas of technical expertise that a company has.
Technical expertise
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Ekspertyza techniczna
A high level of productivity
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Wysoki poziom produktywności
Fast throughput
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Szybka przepustowość
A frequently updated product range
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Często aktualizowana gama produktów
Downside risk
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Ryzyko spadkowe
Vertical integration
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Integracja pionowa
Economies of scale
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Korzyści skali
An error-free process
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Proces bez błędów
Draw up a bill of materials
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Sporządź wykaz materiałów
Reduce design complexity
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Zmniejsz złożoność projektu
Migrate an operation to the web
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Migracja operacji do sieci
Put upward pressure on prices
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Wywieranie presji na wzrost cen
Have a competitive advantage
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Mieć przewagę konkurencyjną
Roll out a new product
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Wprowadź nowy produkt
Carry out a feasibility study
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Przeprowadzić analizę wykonalności
Turn an initial idea into a concept brief
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Przekształć początkowy pomysł w konceptualny opis
commonality
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wspólność
EPOS technology
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We use chip-and-PIN cash registers in our stores, and inventory information is automatically updated
Commonality
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We manufacture a wide range of cars, but a lot of the engine parts are the same – it makes maintenance much easier
Feasibility
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Yes, in theory it could be a successful product, but in practice we don’t have the capacity or the resources
Economies of scale
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f we place a large order we’ll get a much better price
Logistics
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Which shipping company will we use? And when can we get the containers to the port?
Modularization
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They make sub-assemblies for PCs in high volume, and then put them together according to the customer’s own spec
Prototyping
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'We’ve got to build a working model and test it properly before we can go into production
RFID tags
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There’s a smart memory chip embedded into every item. We know exactly where it is in the store, as well as where and when it was made
Roll-out
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We should be ready to launch in the spring: first in France and then in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria
Screening
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The brainstorming session was useful, but a lot of these ideas just won’t work in practice
Standardization
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'It’s a successful formula. Wherever you go in the world, we sell the same burgers prepared in the same way.'
Vulnerability
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'How much money could we lose if things don’t go according to plan?'
Specifies
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Określa
Builds
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Buduje
Compile
The software can also compile a list of materials and quantities needed.
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Skompilować
Hooked up
The computer is hooked up directly to the machine tools.
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Podłączony
Drilling
Machine tool actions include cutting, shaping, turning, drilling.
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Wiercenie
Welding
The technician spent hours welding the metal pieces together to ensure the structure was strong and secure
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Spawalniczy
Parameters
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Parametry
define
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definiować
meet
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spotykać się
Fulfil
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Spełnić
Satisfy
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Usatysfakcjonować
Sophisticated
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Wyrafinowany, Skomplikowany i zaawansowany w konstrukcji
Sophisticated
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Complicated and advanced in design
Foreseeable
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Do przewidzenia
Foreseeable
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Predictable / anticipated
Penalties
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Kary
Penalties
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Punishments for breaking a rule or contract
Straightforward
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Bezpośredni
Straightforward
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Easy to understand or use
Show up
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Łatwy do zauważenia
Show up
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Be easy to see or notice
Quotation
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Oferta cenowa, wycena
Quotation
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The price someone will charge you for a piece of work
Surcharge
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Dopłata
Surcharge
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Additional amount of money you must pay
Forecast
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Prognoza
Driving down
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Obniżanie (np. kosztów)
Driving down
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Making an amount fall to a lower level in an aggressive way
Long run
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Długoterminowo
Long run
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Period of time (‘term’ can also be used in this expression)
Setbacks
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Niepowodzenia
Setbacks
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Difficulties that stop the progress of a project are called...
Stakeholders
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Interesariusze
Stakeholders
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All the people with an interest in the success of a project are collectively called
Gantt chart
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Wykres Gantta, Wizualna ilustracja różnych faz i działań w projekcie
Gantt chart
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A visual illustration of the different phases and activities in a project is called
Small print
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Mały druk
Small print
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Before you sign a contract, it’s very important to read the
Milestones
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Kamienie milowe
Milestones
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The events that mark the key stages in a project are called
Constraints
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Ograniczenia
Constraints
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The factors that limit your actions, such as time and cost, are called.
Scope
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Zakres
Track
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Tor
Track
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If a project is "on ......." it is going according to plan

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