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That guy is the actor who is going to play the president. Don't use commas before or after the clause. start learning
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defining relative clauses: give essential information about a noun
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Ken's just seen a woman that he went to university with. start learning
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defining relative clauses: can use that instead of who or which.
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Ken's just seen a woman (who) he went to university with. He is the subject of the relative clause, who is the object, start learning
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defining relative clauses: can omit the relative pronoun/adverb when it is the object of the relative clause.
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I remember the time when you were just a little girl. start learning
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Use the relative pronouns who/that (people), which/that (things), whose (possession) and the relative adverbs when (time) and where (place).
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It's a city whose inhabitants always seem to be upbeat. start learning
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Whose can be used to refer to cities, countries and other nouns which suggest a group of people. It is rarely used with things.
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She's someone who I know well. start learning
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Omit words which have been replaced by the relative pronoun.
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That's Sam, who is going to play the president. Use commas to separate this clause from the rest of the sentence. start learning
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non-defining relative clauses: give additional, non-essential information
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The film, which won the Oscar last year, was made in India. start learning
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non-defining relative clauses: cannot use that instead of who or which.
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Gwen, who I'm going to see later, is my fiancé. start learning
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non-defining relative clauses: cannot omit the relative pronouns/adverbs.
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The plane was delayed, which meant we were late. start learning
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non-defining relative clauses: can use which to refer to the whole of a previous clause.
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This is the book which she's famous for. start learning
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prepositions in relative clauses: in informal spoken and written English prepositions usually come at the end of the relative clause.
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He is someone with whom I can work. start learning
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In formal and in written English prepositions often come before the relative pronoun. Use whom for people.
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The room where she slept/which she slept in/in which she slept is over there. start learning
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Where can be replaced by which ... in, or, in more formal English in which.
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The man is marring Suzanne. He's very lucky. start learning
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The man who/that is marrying Suzanne is very lucky.
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The house burnt down yesterday. I used to live in it. start learning
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The house where I used to live burnt down yesterday. The house I used to live in burnt down yesterday.
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Pablo Picasso spent his early childhood in Malaga. His father was also an artist. start learning
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Pablo Picasso, whose father was also an artist, spent his early childhood in Malaga.
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That was the most important moment of my life. I realised I wanted to be an actor. start learning
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The moment I realised I wanted to be an actor was the most important moment of my life.
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The holiday was in Canada. I enjoyed it most start learning
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The holiday I enjoyed most was in Canada. The holiday I most enjoyed was in Canada.
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Usain Bolt is a global superstar. He was the first man to win six gold Olympic medals in sprinting. start learning
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Usain Bolt, who was the first man to win six gold Olympic medals in sprinting, is a global superstar.
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I lived with a guy when I was a student. His hobby was fixing motorbikes. start learning
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When I was a student, I lived with a guy whose hobby was fixing motorbikes.
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You should make a speech. This is that sort of occasion. start learning
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This is that sort of occasion when you should make a speech.
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It was the house which I spent my childhood. Add the missing preposition (for, from, in, on, to or with). There is one extra preposition you do not need. start learning
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It was the house which I spent my childhood.in. It was the house in which I spent my childhood. (more formal)
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It was a lesson which I'll always be grateful. start learning
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It was a lesson which I'll always be grateful for. It was a lesson for which I'll always be grateful. (more formal)
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She's definitely the woman whom he wants to spent the rest of his life. start learning
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She's definitely the woman with whom he wants to spent the rest of his life.
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The cinema I most often go is the Odeon in the town centre. start learning
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The cinema I most often go to is the Odeon in the town centre.
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Funnily enough, it was the planning which we spent the most time. start learning
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Funnily enough, it was the planning which we spent the most time on. Funnily enough, it was the planning on which we spent the most time. (more formal)
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He was an athlete whom success came as naturally as his speed. start learning
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He was an athlete for/to whom success came as naturally as his speed.
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He was a friend I could always depend. start learning
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He was a friend I could always depend on.
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You're the person who we always turn when a speech is needed. start learning
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You're the person who we always turn to when a speech is needed.
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